Ama-rivets okuqala ayeyizikhonkwane ezincane ezenziwe ngokhuni noma ngethambo. Umzimba wokuqala wokuguqulwa kwensimbi ungase ube ngukhokho wama-rivets esiwaziyo. Akungabazeki ukuthi ayizindlela zasendulo zokuxhuma insimbi ezaziwa isintu, ezingalandelwa emuva ekusetshenzisweni kwasekuqaleni kwensimbi ethambile. Isibonelo, eNkathini Yethusi, abaseGibhithe babenama-rivets futhi babopha imizimba eyisithupha yabalandeli bokhuni yomugqa wangaphandle wesondo elinomgodi kanye nama-rivets. Ngemva kokuba amaGreki ephumelele ukwenza izithombe ezinkulu ngethusi, banama-rivets izingxenye ndawonye ngama-rivets. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuthuthukiswa kwama-rivets, ikakhulukazi zokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi ahlukahlukene.
“Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali” umqondo wegama elithile ohlanganisa imikhiqizo eminingi. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubopha izingxenye zomshini ezibizayo ngenxa yobuhle bazo, ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala okunamandla nezinye izici. Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi, izidingo eziphezulu nazo zibekwa phambili ezingxenyeni ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali zibhekisela nasezikulufini zensimbi engagqwali, okuyizikulufi ezijwayelekile. Imininingwane, ubukhulu kanye nobubanzi bokubekezelela konke kuyizindinganiso zikazwelonke.
Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali zinezidingo zazo zezinto zokukhiqiza. Izinto eziningi zensimbi engagqwali zingenziwa izintambo zensimbi noma imigoqo yokukhiqiza izibambo, okuhlanganisa insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic, insimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic kanye nensimbi engagqwali eqinisa imvula. Ngakho-ke yiziphi izimiso lapho ukhetha izinto? Ukukhethwa kwezinto zensimbi engagqwali kucatshangelwa kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Izidingo zezakhiwo zemishini, ikakhulukaziamandla ezinto zokubopha;
2. Izidingo zezimo zokusebenza ku-ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto zokwakha;
3. Izidingo zokushisa okusebenzayo ekumelaneni nokushisa (amandla okushisa aphezulu, ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation) kwezinto;
4. Izidingo zokusebenza kokucubungula izinto ngokwezobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza;
5. Ezinye izinto, njengesisindo, intengo kanye nokuthenga, kufanele zicatshangelwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-16-2023